Arthur, Chester A. – (Born October 5, 1830 (officially, although much evidence points to 1829 and a birthplace in Canada making him ineligible for the office); Died natural causes, November 18, 1886, New York) Twenty-First President of the United States of America, (September 20, 1881 – March 4, 1885) a General of volunteers in the Civil War and ardent civil service reformer, who although benefited personally by the spoils system brought its end by establishing the civil service system, greatly reducing the Presidential appointment prerogatives. (Republican)